Effect of ubiquitination hepatitis B virus core antigen on inducing dendritic cells autophagy to enhance specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To clarify the effect of ubiquitination hepatitis B virus core antigen (Ub-HBcAg) on dendritic cells (DC) autophagy, and to explore the mechanism of autophagy in enhancing DC antigen presentation and inducing hepatitis B virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses.Methods:Ub-HBcAg lentiviral vector (LV-Ub-HBcAg), lentiviral vector-hepatitis B virus core antigen (LV-HBcAg) and no-load plasmid LV (LV) were constructed and packaged. DC2.4 cells were divided into LV-Ub-HBcAg group, LV-HBcAg group and LV group. The blank control group (NC group) was also set. The protein expression of autophagy-related protein P62, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3B), autophagy related 5(ATG5) and Beclin-1 were detected by Western blotting. The expressions of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD86, CD80 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-Ⅱ were detected by flow cytometry. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to detect T lymphocytes proliferation. The non-radioactive lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) release method was applied to detect the killing ability of CTL. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent sample t test. Results:The relative protein expressions of LC3B-Ⅱ/LC3B-Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and ATG5 in NC group were 0.445±0.076, 0.522±0.026 and 0.761±0.038, respectively, which were all lower than those in LV-Ub-HBcAg group (0.926±0.021, 0.919±0.016 and 1.451±0.028, respectively). The relative protein expression of P62 in the NC group was higher than that in LV-Ub-HBcAg group ((1.875±0.016) vs (0.647±0.121)). The differences were all statistically significant ( t=6.102, 9.842, 17.490 and 10.590, respectively, all P<0.01). The expressions of CD86 (75.51%), CD80 (83.35%), MHC-Ⅱ (66.66%) in the LV-Ub-HBcAg group were high, and those in the NC group were 8.03%, 7.49%, 0.04%, respectively. The specific CTL killing rate ((65.310±2.091)%) of the LV-Ub-HBcAg group was significantly higher than both NC group ((14.400±0.497)%) and LV-HBcAg group ((54.870±1.443)%), and the differences were both statistically significant ( t=23.690 and 4.111, respectively, both P<0.05). Conclusion:Ub-HBcAg promotes the DC autophagy, up-regulates the expressions of costimulatory molecules on cell surface of DC to induce the maturation and activation, and then stimulates T lymphocyte to induce a stronger specific CTL response under the effort of ubiquitination.

An improved technique for repairing hand defects with abdominal pedicled flaps / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility a modified method for repairing hand soft tissue defects using abdominal pedicle flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 1997 and October 2010, abdominal pedicle flaps were used to repair hand soft tissue defects in 108 cases. A strategy of segmented skin-flap ligations was adopted for early pedicle cut-off with early separation of the combined fingers, donor site closure with auxiliary flaps and application of thin flap and full-thickness skin graft.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ligation of the pedicle site only was performed in 68 cases with an average time of pedicle cut-off of 10 days. Pedicle cut-off and separation of the combined fingers were simultaneously performed in 40 cases without flap necrosis. The healing rate of the donor sites reached 96.8%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is simple, safe and reliable and allows simultaneous pedicle cut-off and separation of the combined fingers to ensure good functional and appearance recovery of the hand with soft tissue defect.</p>

Experimental study and clinical application of early pedicle division of skin flap by ligation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a new method of early cut-off skin flap by ligating to stegnosis pedicle and assess its feasibility and clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty New Zealand rabbits were used to make skin flaps with the size of 8.0 cm x 4.0 cm on both sides of the back respectively. And one side was experimental group with the pedicles of skin flaps horizontally oversewn by several pairs of silk thread, the other side was control group. Two pairs of silk thread in the two sides of the pedicle of skin flap of experimental group were ligated on the 3rd day. On the 5th day the pedicle was wholly ligated. All pedicles were divided on the 6th day and the survival area of skin flaps were measured after 3 days. The tissue samples from the skin flaps were collected for histology test on the 4th and 6th day respectively. The pedicles of 78 random flaps from 48 patients were cut off after narrowing them by ligating.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean flap survival rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than the control group. Histological examination results showed the density and diameter of blood vessel were increased in the skin flaps of the experimental group. The mean time for removal pedicles was shortened to 10 days, and no necrosis was found after resecting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This method is secure and convenient and the time of pedicle division can be shortened.</p>

The advances in the neuropathology of sudden infant death syndrome / 法医学杂志

Sudden infant death syndrome is known as sudden death in 12 months postnatal without obvious cause, the cause of death and differential diagnosis of still couldn't be indefinite so far. In this paper, the recent studies on the SIDS neuropathology using immunohisto-chemical technology were reviewed in order to suggest the lethal patho-physiologic derangement or mechanism in SIDS involves dysfunction of sleep-related cardio-respiratory homeostatic controls or failure to arouse. Thus the main cause of SIDS lies in central nerve system, but not unique cause.

The use of local flap in repairing deeply burned wound of extremities / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss a method for reconstruction of deeply burned of extremities' functional regions with local skin flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-eight cases (with 126 place) of deeply burned wound of extremities were reconstructed with fasciocutaneous flaps.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of 162 flaps was 93.2%. The movement of 112 joints (88.9%) was restored to normal, and the movement of 14 joints was mild limitation, none of the cases was severe obstacle.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The method is simple and with satisfactory results, which can decrease the rate of disability suffered from burn.</p>

Cell Transformation Test of Vanadium (V) and Zirconium (Zr) in Yunnan Tin Mine Dust / 昆明医科大学学报

There is a high incidence of lung cancer among the miners of Yunnan Tin Mine. We have successfully induced lung cancer in hamsters separately by mine powder, mine powder plus radon or flue dust of the refinery. There are more than thirty similar chemical elements in both mine and flue dust. In order to exclude the action of the trace radioactive chemical elements and to confirm the carcinogenic effect of the non-radioactive inorganic chemical substances, We choose vanadium (V) and zirconium (Zr) to carry out cell transformation test in vitro. The results are as follows: 1. The cell toxicity test of V and Zr is positive.2. The cell transformation test of V shows positive and that of Zr is negative. This is reported for the first time.

Experimental Studies of Inducing Lung Cancer on Hamsters by Seven Chemical Elements in Yunnan Tin Mine Dust / 昆明医科大学学报

There is a high incidence of Lung cancer among the miners of Yunnan Tin Mine.In or- der to study the carcinogenicity of chemical elements with none radioactive in the mine pow- der,a mixture of seven non-radioactive,inorganic chemical elements(CM_2:As,Pb,Fe, Cr,Ni,Cd and Be)relating to mutagenicity and tumorgenesis were chosen for Ames test and carinoma inducing experiments in hamsters.The results are as follows:1 Ames test of CM_2is positive.2 The lung cancer inducing experiment of CM_2on hamsters is successful.Lung cancer and precancerous lesions develop in 6 of 27 effective animals, the incidence is 22.2%.No tu- mor was found in the control group.The results show that CM_2is related to the lung cancer formation of hamsters,tihs is reported for the first time.

Experimental Studies of Inducing Malignant Lung Tumor on Wistar Rats by Artificial Synthetic Tin Mine Dust / 昆明医科大学学报

There is a high incidence of malignant lung tumor in Yunnan tin mine area.In order to detect the causes,the mixtures of artificial synthetic mine dust containing As,Pb,Fe etc(No. 1,2,3)were used for tumor-inducing experiments on Wistar rats.The results were as follows: 31 lung sarcomas were developed in 3 experimental groups and the incidence was 22.6%.The malignant lung lymphomas developed in 28 of 31 sarcomas,the rate being 90.2%.In addition, 3 cases of lung cancer were found.No benign or malignant lung tumor was found in the con- trol group.The results showed that the artificial synthetic mine dust(No.1,2,3)was related to the lung sarcoma formation on Wistar rats,which is reported for the first time.